![]() It is likely that redox- active components in UFPs from fossil fuel combustion reach cardiovascular target sites. ![]() UFPs) dominate particle number concentrations and surface area and are therefore capable of carrying large concentrations of adsorbed or condensed toxic air pollutants.Ĭontrolled Exposure Study of Air Pollution and T-Wave Alternans in Volunteers without Cardiovascular Disease. Epidemiologic data using pollutant gases and particle characteristics such as particle number concentration and elemental carbon have provided indirect evidence that products of fossil fuel combustion are important. The causal components driving the PM associations remain to be identified. Panel studies with repeated measures have supported the time- series results showing associations between PM and risk of cardiac ischemia and arrhythmias, increased blood pressure, decreased heart rate variability, and increased circulating markers of inflammation and thrombosis. Numerous epidemiologic time- series studies have shown generally consistent associations of cardiovascular hospital admissions and mortality with outdoor air pollution, particularly mass concentrations of particulate matter (PM) ≤2. ![]() Potential Role of Ultrafine Particles in Associations between Airborne Particle Mass and Cardiovascular Health.
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